Management Styles free essay sample

Management Styles Take a quiz: PowerPoint In many management text books the three most talked about management styles are democratic, autocratic and consultative. Selecting the correct management style may lead to greater motivation and productivity from your staff. However, it is not as easy as just picking a style. Managers personalities and characteristics will influence the type of style adopted. For example a timid manager will find an autocratic management style difficult to adopt. Democratic Management Style A democratic manager delegates authority to his/her staff, giving them responsibility to complete the task given to them (also known as empowerment). Staff will complete the tasks using their own work methods. However, the task must be completed on time. Employees are involved in decision making giving them a sense of belonging and motivating individuals. Because staff feel a sense of belonging and are motivated the quality of decision making and work also improves. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Styles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although popular in business today, a democratic management style can slow decision making down because staff need to be consulted. Also some employees may take advantage of the fact that their manager is democratic by not working to their full potential and allowing other group members to carry them. Autocratic Management Style In contrast to the above an autocratic manager dictates orders to their staff and makes decisions without any consultation. The leader likes to control the situation they are in. Decision are quick because staff are not consulted and work is usually completed on time. However this type of management style can decrease motivation and increase staff turnover because staff are not consulted and do not feel valued. Consultative Management style A consultative management style can be viewed as a combination of the above two. The manager will ask views and opinions from their staff, allowing them to feel involved but will ultimately make the final decision. Laissez Faire Management style A laisses faire manager sets the tasks and gives staff complete freedom to complete the task as they see fit. There is minimal involvement from the manager. The manager however does not sit idle and watch them work! He or she is there to coach or answer questions, supply information if required. There are benefits, staff again are developed to take responsibility which may lead to improved motivation. However with little direct guidance from the manager staff may begin to feel lost and not reach the goals originally set within the time frame. Diagram: Different forms of management styles [pic]

Free Essays on Claudius

Claudius Claudius is the antagonist in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and is the main force working against Prince Hamlet, the protagonist. Claudius is the brother of the late King Hamlet who he has killed and then married his widowed wife, Gertrude. Hamlet’s late father, King Hamlet was the king of Elsinore, but now Claudius has both the crown and the queen, and this does not sit well with Prince Hamlet. At the beginning of the play Hamlet is visited by the ghost of King Hamlet and is told that Claudius is responsible for the King’s death and that Hamlet needs to avenge his father’s murder. Claudius senses his stepson’s displeasure with the situation and tries to have Hamlet killed before Hamlet has the chance to get revenge for his father’s murder. In the midst of fearing Hamlet and having to deal with his own conscience Claudius must appear strong and confident in the eyes of his people. The Prince Italian political theorist Nicolo Machiavelli stated that the strongest leaders are the ones who are able to carefully balance appearances to his benefit, strategically using them to strengthen his regime. Claudius does indeed appear at first as an ideal Machiavellian leader. However, as the play develops Claudius loses his composure, largely due to his concern over the potential threat of Hamlet. Claudius shrewdly emphasizes the contrast between his marriage and Hamlet’s death, using phrases such as, â€Å"defeated joy† and â€Å"with an auspicious and dropping eye.† These carefully chosen remarks make Claudius appealing to the popular sentiment by remembering his popular brother, and on the other hand, with his celebration of his marriage, the King proves that he is ready to move on and attack his new role with vigor. Claudius further establishes himself as a leader by taking swift and decisive action. When faced with the threat of Fortinbras, Claudius takes immediate diplomatic measures, sending Cornelius and Voltemand... Free Essays on Claudius Free Essays on Claudius Claudius Claudius is the antagonist in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and is the main force working against Prince Hamlet, the protagonist. Claudius is the brother of the late King Hamlet who he has killed and then married his widowed wife, Gertrude. Hamlet’s late father, King Hamlet was the king of Elsinore, but now Claudius has both the crown and the queen, and this does not sit well with Prince Hamlet. At the beginning of the play Hamlet is visited by the ghost of King Hamlet and is told that Claudius is responsible for the King’s death and that Hamlet needs to avenge his father’s murder. Claudius senses his stepson’s displeasure with the situation and tries to have Hamlet killed before Hamlet has the chance to get revenge for his father’s murder. In the midst of fearing Hamlet and having to deal with his own conscience Claudius must appear strong and confident in the eyes of his people. The Prince Italian political theorist Nicolo Machiavelli stated that the strongest leaders are the ones who are able to carefully balance appearances to his benefit, strategically using them to strengthen his regime. Claudius does indeed appear at first as an ideal Machiavellian leader. However, as the play develops Claudius loses his composure, largely due to his concern over the potential threat of Hamlet. Claudius shrewdly emphasizes the contrast between his marriage and Hamlet’s death, using phrases such as, â€Å"defeated joy† and â€Å"with an auspicious and dropping eye.† These carefully chosen remarks make Claudius appealing to the popular sentiment by remembering his popular brother, and on the other hand, with his celebration of his marriage, the King proves that he is ready to move on and attack his new role with vigor. Claudius further establishes himself as a leader by taking swift and decisive action. When faced with the threat of Fortinbras, Claudius takes immediate diplomatic measures, sending Cornelius and Voltemand...

Why was it is necessary to replace GATT 1947 what are the main Essay

Why was it is necessary to replace GATT 1947 what are the main differences between GATT 1947 and the WTO Do you think that the - Essay Example .................................................................... 5 Interim Commission for the International Trade Organisation (1947-1994).......5 Review Session (1950s)....................................................................................... 6 European Economic Community (EEC) (1957).................................................. 6 Multifibre Arrangements (MFA-I through MFA-IV).......................................... 6 The Uruguay Round (1993-1994)....................................................................... 8 Multilateral Investment Agreement (MIA) (1996)............................................... 9 U.S. Corporate Average Fuel Economy .............................................................. 9 Dispute Settlement Body (DSB)............................................................................10 WTO’s Articles III and IV.....................................................................................10 Converting GATT 1947 to WTO Introduction The GATT was formed by states with a decisive idea of the co-operation that was required to promote economic development and modernisation. Even though the idea required an International Trade Organisation (ITO), the GATT was also able to achieve the goals of the original participants.1 It was, to a certain extent, efficient trade-liberalising machinery. The removal of QRs by developed nations in the aftermath of World War II was confined under its control, and excise taxes were cut down considerably.2 Barriers to trade, as of the 1970s, in the form of quotas and tariffs had weakened radically in value3, and governments were beset by the trade-misleading features of other economic strategies. The first five decades of GATT’s existence has a close resemblance to a product’s lifecycle. In the beginning market growth is sluggish, as the public become used to it. This is pursued by a phase of drastic improvement of market productivity and share as the pro duct launches.4 In the developed or third phase, growth stabilises but profits remain elevated. In the last stage profits start to drop. Core marketing theory informs us that by the third phase a company had to create a new product in order to thrive and survive.5 In the case of GATT, the stages of take off and maturity took place in the 1950s and the 1960s.6 This was the time when the greatest development was accomplished in terms of trade liberalisation. The demand for the products of GATT had stabilised by the 1970s.7 An effort was made to branch out into new markets by moving to non-tariff barriers (NTB), but this move was not quite productive. Indecisive strategies were implemented to deal with trade-related national regulations, but development was sluggish.8 The GATT-1947, with the formation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), was converted into an organisation, and its expanse was considerably enlarged.9 Hence, the important issues to be addressed here are: (1) why was it necessary to replace GATT 1947? (2) What are the main differences between GATT 1947 and the WTO? (3) Is WTO an improvement, if so, why? In addressing these issues it is helpful to analyse briefly several of the major developments that took place in the world economy in the twentieth century. From GATT 1947 to WTO GATT was not officially a global organisation, specifically, an official unit in its own right. GATT is an inter-governmental agreement. Hence, GATT had contracting participants rather than member states.10 This transformed with the formation of an international organisation that governs multilateral contracts concerning trade in goods, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPs), and trade in services (GATS): the WTO.11 The different treaties governed by the WTO are between customs territories

Discuss the major problems a firm might face in attempting to Essay

Discuss the major problems a firm might face in attempting to standardize advertising among different countries. How might product branding be affected - Essay Example Different countries have different languages they use in communication as their national languages in their countries. For instance, most of the countries now are majorly using English as their business language. There are many more countries that use different languages like French, Chinese, German language to mention only but a few. This means that for the marketing manager to think of standardizing the advertising internationally, he has to first think of how the message will reach the audience or target market. Communication language is usually an issue when it comes to the international business. The language has to be translated into the national language of the countries among which the advertising has to be standardized. It is therefore very expensive to translate the adverts into the foreign language before it is advertised. Besides, the advertisement manager finds it very hard to effectively supervise international business because he may not understand the language at a gl ance. It is more convenient to standardize advertisement among countries with same language speaking citizens than those countries that vary in the language speaking. Communication media has remained a question unanswered when it comes to international advertising, especially international standardization of advertising. This is due to a number of issues that follows. First there is a question of whether the advertisement media is available in the foreign countries or not. The standardization of international advertising to work there must be availability of the advertisement media among all the countries into which the advertising is to be practiced. For example some third world countries have limited access to the internet because of poverty while others like United States of America have computer technology advantage. It means then that for the standardization of the advertising among countries to prosper the communication media should not only be available

Child Soldier Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Child Soldier - Research Paper Example This research paper focuses on the issue of children that are used as soldiers in specific nations around the world to fight in war or other armed conflicts. The recruitment and employment of child soldiers has been condemned universally as unacceptable and abhorrent. But the number of child soldiers who have fought and died in war and conflict around the world are hundreds of thousands even in the last ten years. The researcher aims to reach out to international community and humanitarian international agencies, that together with the various legal departments must take up measures to curb the recruitment of child soldiers and set up organizations to rehabilitate children who are victims of this evil while all the adults involved in the recruitment process must be brought to justice with severe punishments to deter others from involving in such acts in the future. The researcher sums up that child soldier is a curse to the society and must be abolished from all nations around the wo rld because it is not only harmful to the children but also to the society as a whole because the opportunities lost by a child for schooling can reduce the human and economic development of a society. To conclude, the researcher hopes that the role of a child as a child soldier would disappear eventually. But mentiones that today it is only increases the opportunity for future cycles of war and poses a danger to peace and can inadvertently cause threat to democracy which is associated to social and human well being.

The Language of Male Supremacy in She and The Sign of Four Essay

The Language of Male Supremacy in She and The Sign of Four These days we have to be extremely careful when we write or speak.   In fact, at times it seems as if we must communicate as if tip toeing through a veritable minefield of the dangerous misinterpretations of our words.   Since many words and phrases can be construed or misconstrued as offensive, there is a heightened sensitivity to the use of language.   This is not necessarily a bad thing.   We certainly need to live in world where all people are treated with dignity and respect, and our use of language should reflect this ideal.   Most of us would not intentionally offend a person from a different race, culture, or creed, but the problem today is that there is such a subsurface tension that rage occasionally erupts over anything that even remotely resembles the offensive.   Where does this social extremism that condemns even ambiguous statements come from?   Things were not always this way.   If we were to look deeper into the history of the English language, we would typically find outlandish words and phrases that debased women and members of other cultures.   These expressions may not necessarily have been malicious in spirit in all instances, but they were certainly demeaning and ranged from the subtle to the intentional.   Certainly, some of the phrases that were commonly printed then would be socially unacceptable to print today.   For example, any representative sample of late Victorian literature will reveal misogynistic and racist remarks by contemporary standards. In fairness to the Victorians, the world was going through a rapid state of change then, and England was leading the way.   Part of the motivation behind the imperialistic ende... ...winism dramatically changed the way many people thought then, our modern ideas of cultural diversity and gender egalitarianism have changed the way many people think today.   Our modern language clearly reflects this change.   We have come a long way in disregarding boldly offensive descriptions, to questioning the propriety of statements such as "You people."   Some people have eager ears that are always ready to latch onto the next faux pas and have clenched fists that are ready to gaff their next victim.   Therefore, a masked tension remains, but on a lighter note, the positive force that guides our present evolving world in which we are conscientiously laboring to temper our language with human dignity balances this tension.   Yet, our language can only be truly dignified to the degree to which it preserves the dignity of all of whom it dares to describe.

Dexit †A Marketing Opportunity

The case study discusses the marketing opportunity of Toronto-based Dexit Inc. for the new electronic payment system for retail transactions. The CEO of the company, Renah Persofsky, faced two traditional questions of marketing strategy: the preferable target group and the choice of optimal strategy, â€Å"push† or â€Å"pull†. Marketing opportunity The advantages of for the new electronic payment system for retail transactions were obvious. First, its implementation could make the transactions faster and safer for the end user.Second, the using of similar payment systems gained the wide popularity. Third, the popularity of digital payments without dealing with the cashiers is growing nowadays, and this trend existed in 2002 when Dexit made a decision to launch its new payment system. At least, the competition on this sector was rather low. Thus, the implementation of new payment system was reasonable solution. However, even in this favorable market opportunity the comp any faced two dilemmas.First was the choice between consumers (the users of the Dexit tag) and merchants (the users of the Dexit POS terminals). It was necessary to define which segment would be most profitable to serve. Besides, the issue of different customers approach was topical. The new payment system could gain fast popularity among that group of the customers, which was known as â€Å"early gainers†, but as usual this group couldn’t transform to the group of the most â€Å"heavy customers†.At last, the implementation of new system demanded the new wave of marketing, and it was needed to make a solution about the preferable marketing strategy. â€Å"push† or â€Å"pull†. The choice also depended from the target customer group. Conclusion It can hardly be decided what marketing strategy could be optimal for Dexit; however, the study of the latest trends allowed recommendation to aim the strategy on the â€Å"heavy customers† and make th e system merchant-oriented. References DEXIT — A MARKETING OPPORTUNITY. 905A02. Copyright  © 2005, Ivey Management Services